What Our Ancestors Ate to Keep Fit and Active

What little evidence we have on the diet of ourmost westerners who buy meat from
prehistoric ancestors, and what we know fromsupermarkets don't:
indigenous cultures that lasted into our times1. A person can thrive with very little or no meat
shows that our ancestors were not primarilyat all in the diet
carnivores. Most of the diet was plant food, roots,2. It takes four times the amount of food and
seeds, nuts and fruits gathered by the women,land and lots more water to raise a food animal
and maybe fish and seafood. What meat ourthan it does to feed a whole family on plant
ancestors did eat was a far cry from the meatfoods. In terms of resources and energy, meat is
we find in our supermarkets, which is full ofvery costly.
unhealthy saturated fats.So village farmers eat meat sparingly and save it
Whenever I tell people that I am vegetarian orfor special occasions or for broths to strengthen
that I often recommend a vegetarian diet to myinvalids.
patients, someone invariably asks, 'But aren't weWhen we buy our meat from supermarkets, we
meant to eat meat? 'Haven't human beingsdon't see the real cost of that meat. We don't
always eaten lots of meat?'realize that for each steak and plastic-wrapped
According to my anthropologist friend, the answerpacket of minced meat, we sacrifice enough
is No. Except for the Innuit who ate mostly fishhealthy land to feed a family, and to give several
and seals because their environment did not allowvillages clean drinking water for years. We don't
much plant growth. In most early societies, thecount the cost in polluted water, air and soil that
meat brought home by hunters made up only awe - and our children - pay for the meat we eat.
part of the diet. (Sorry, all you hunters out there!)Nor do we realize the price we pay in poor health
Most of the diet was plant food, roots, seeds,for eating lots of meat. We now eat 4 times as
nuts and fruits gathered by the women, andmuch meat as our great grandparents did, and as
maybe fish and seafood.a result, suffer from untold digestive disorders,
Just as important is the kind of red meat ourbowel cancer (the 4th largest killer of British men),
ancestors thrived on. They ate wild game which isobesity, burgeoning allergies, rheumatoid arthritis
significantly lower in fat, saturated fats andand rampant heart disease.
calories than farm-raised meat, and much higher inI am not advocating a vegetarian diet (though it
EPA, a type of omega-3 fatty acid that reduceshas many benefits), just a common sense balance
the risk of atherosclerosis. That is a far cry fromof vegetables and fruits, seeds and nuts, eggs,
the meat we find in our supermarkets, which islentils, yogurt, tofu, and a variety of whole grains
full of unhealthy saturated fats and chemicals(buckwheat, quinoa, oats, barley, brown rice,
introduced in meat production processes.whole wheat), fish...and if you like it now and then,
Even when humans began keeping food animals -a little meat.
cows, pigs, goats, poultry, or sheep - thoseIf you love meat, make it an occasional treat, not
animals were much more valuable alive, producingthe main part of your diet. Add it to vegetable
milk, eggs, and dung for fuel, than as roasts. Moststir fries; toss thin lightly cooked strips into your
food animals were only eaten at feast times orsalads; or once a week, have a good, small steak
celebrations.with lightly steamed vegetables. Eat lots of
In fact, go to any small village in Europe and Asiavegetables (no grains or starches!) with your
or elsewhere, and you will still find that pattern. Ifmeat to aid digestion so you'll get all the benefits
meat is included in the daily diet, it is usually infrom whatever meat you eat. Or try going totally
very small amounts to enrich and flavour avegetarian for a month, and see how much more
predominantly vegetarian meal.energetic and lighter you feel!
You see, village farmers know two things that